Preliminary Pleas Under CrPC 1973
What are the preliminary pleas that can be used to bar a trial? "Every offence shall ordinarily be inquired and tried by a court within the…
Charge Under The Code of Criminal Procedure 1973
What is a Charge? What are the contents of a Charge? Discuss the effects of errors in a Charge? How is a Charge different from FIR? ChargeAs per…
Concept of Bail Under The Code of Criminal Procedure 1973
Concept of Bail Under The Code of Criminal Procedure 1973 What is Bail?What is a Bailable and Non-Bailable offence?When and When not can Bail be…
Commencement of Proceedings under CrPC 1973
What is meant by Commencement of proceedings? [Sec 200, 201, 202] When can a complaint be dismissed?[Sec 203] "Commencement of proceedings" happens with the proceedings…
General Provisions Concerning bond Under CrPC 1973
Explain general provisions concerning bond [Sec 441 - 450]. Explain the procedure that is followed when a bond is forfeited [Section 446]. BondAs per Section 441,…
Warrant of Arrest Under The Code of Criminal Procedure 1973
What do you understand by Warrant of Arrest? Describe the procedure for issuing and executing a Warrant of Arrest. When can a court issue a warrant…
Compelling Appearance in Courts under CrPC 1973
What provisions are given in CrPC for compelling appearance in courts? What do you know about Summons in this context? Describe the procedure for issue…
Arrest Under Code of Criminal Procedure 1973
Questions Covered:What do you understand by Arrest? How is an arrest made? When can the police arrest a person without an order from a magistrate…
Declared Absconder under Code of Criminal Procedure 1973
When is a person declared Absconder? Explain the procedure for publication of proclamation for persons absconding with reference to Sections 82, 83, 84, and 85. When a…
Organization of Police, Prosecutor, Defense Counsel, and Prison Authorities
Describe the organization of police, prosecutor, defense counsel, and prison authorities and their functions, duties, and powers PoliceThe ordinary criminal courts derive their existence from…
Probation of Offenders Act, 1958
Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 Questions covered: Discuss the aims and objectives of the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958. State the powers of the court…
Juvenile Delinquency: Review & Analysis
Topics Covered Discuss the causes of Juvenile Delinquency. Who is a child in need of care and protection? State the procedure followed by Juvenile Justice Court. State…
Short Notes and Differences of CrPC 1973
Differences and Short Notes. Summons Case and Warrant CaseAs per Section 2(w), "summons-case" means a case relating to an offence, and not being a warrant-case and…
Set Off and Counter Claim Under CPC, 1908
What do you understand by Set-Off and Counter Claim? Distinguish between Legal and Equitable set-off.A set-off is a kind of counter-claim that operates as a…
Second Appeal Under the Code of Civil Procedure 1908
On what grounds does a second appeal lie? Section 100. Second appeal— (1) Save as otherwise expressly provided in the body of this Code or by any…
Res judicata Under Code of Civil Procedure 1908
Res judicata Under Code of Civil Procedure 1908 Questions Covered What are the objects and essential conditions of the doctrine of res judicata? Illustrate the…
Jurisdiction Under Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
Jurisdiction under Under Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 Questions Covered: "Every suit shall be instituted in a court of lowest grade competent to try it",…
Decree, Order, and Judgment Under Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
Decree, Order, and Judgment Under Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 Topic Covered: Explain Decree, Order, and Judgment and distinguish between them.What are the essential elements…
Freedom of Speech and Expression
Freedom of speech and expression and What restrictions can be applied to it? Freedom of speech and expression is the most basic of all freedoms…
Nature of the Indian Constitution
Nature of the Indian Constitution and On what grounds is its spirit of federalism challenged? Typically, democratic constitutions are classified into two categories - Unitary…
Independence of the Judiciary in the Indian Constitution
Questions Covered How is the independence of the judiciary ensured? Describe the various jurisdictions of the Supreme Court of India. Explain the writ jurisdiction of a…
Concept of Anticipatory bail Under CrPC 1973
Concept of Anticipatory bail Under CrPC 1973 What do you understand by Anticipatory bail? When is it granted and when it may be refused? What…
Fundamental rights with respect to Indian Constitution
Fundamental rights with respect to the Indian Constitution. The general concept of fundamental rightsThe rights that are basic to the advancement of the human race…
Emergency Provisions of the Indian Constitution
Emergency Provisions (Art 352 - Art 360) Questions Covered Explain the emergency provisions of the constitution. What do you understand by proclamation of Emergency? What…
Dissolution of the Partnership firm
Dissolution of the firmAs per section 39, the dissolution of the partnership between all the partners of a firm is called the dissolution of the…
Compensatory Discrimination: Is it against equality?
What do you understand by Compensatory Discrimination? Is it against equality? How successful has it been in India? Compensatory Discrimination is a term coined for the…
Dividends, Debentures, & Floating Charge Under Companies Act
Dividends, Debentures & Floating Charge Dividends One of the main objectives of commercial enterprises is to earn profits that are disturbed among shareholders by way…
Kinds of Companies & Conversion of a Private Company into a Public Company
Kinds of Companies & Conversion of a Private Company into a Public Company Kinds of Companies Classification on the basis of liability Companies with limited…
Directors- Powers, Duties, and Position in India
Directors- Powers, Duties, and Position in India A company in the eyes of the law is an artificial person. It has no physical existence. It…
The doctrine of Indoor Management
The Doctrine of Indoor Management OR The Rule laid down in Royal British Bank v. Turquand Introduction The doctrine of indoor management is an exception to…
Prospectus Under Companies Act
Prospectus Definition Section 2(36)-“ any document described or issued as a prospectus and includes any notice, circular, advertisement, or other document inviting deposits from the public…
What are the Kinds of Share Capital?
Share capital means the capital raised by a company by the issue of shares. The capital of a company may be of two kinds- 1. Equity…
The Doctrine of Constructive Notice
The Doctrine of Constructive Notice Introduction Every person who enters into any contract with a company will be presumed to know the contents of the…
Doctrine of Ultra-vires
The Doctrine of Ultra-vires. Introduction The object clause of the Memorandum of the company contains the object for which the company is formed. An act…
Articles of Association Under Company Act
Articles of Association Introduction Articles of Association is the second important document, which in the case of some companies, has to be registered along with…
The Importance of Memorandum of Association
The Importance of Memorandum of Association Introduction One of the essentials for the registration of a company is a memorandum of association (Sec 33). It…
The Law Communicants
Indian Partnership Act 1932: Brief notes & Analysis
Indian Partnership Act 1932: Brief notes & Analysis Questions Covered Define Partnership. Is sharing of profit conclusive proof of partnership? Explain - "partners are agents…
The Law Communicants
Lifting Of the Corporate Veil: Decoding the Doctrine of Separate Legal Personality
Lifting Of the Corporate Veil Decoding the Doctrine of Separate Legal Personality Written by: Ms. Nikita Rai A company is a juristic person, but in…
A Legal Framework For E-Consumer Protection in The Era of E-Commerce
E-Consumer Protection in The Era of E-Commerce Written by: Ms. Nikita Rai Before heading towards the main content, we should first try to understand the…
Criminal Liability of Corporate Bodies in India
Criminal Liability of Corporate Bodies in India Written by: Ms. Nikita Rai As the advancement in science and technology has made the world borderless, the…
A Legal Framework for E-Consumer Protection in the Era of E-Commerce
E-Consumer Protection in the Era of E-Commerce Written by: Ms Nikita Rai Before heading towards the main content, we should first try to understand the…
Company as an Artificial Person: A Study of Opportunities and Obstacles Faced
Company as an Artificial Person Written by: Ms Nikita Rai To perceive how an organization could be an artificial person we should first understand what…
